Image Enhancement:
Adjusts the contrast of an image by redistributing pixel intensities.
Applies convolution masks (e.g., mean filter, Gaussian filter) to perform smoothing or sharpening operations.
Utilizes techniques such as Fourier transform to enhance images by manipulating their frequency content.
Image Restoration:
Techniques like median filtering, Wiener filtering, or adaptive filtering are employed to reduce noise in images.
Techniques to remove blur caused by motion, defocus, or other factors.
Image Segmentation:
Divides an image into foreground and background based on a specified threshold.
Groups pixels into regions based on similarity criteria.
Uses algorithms like k-means clustering to partition an image into distinct clusters.
Feature Extraction:
Detects sharp changes in intensity to identify object boundaries (e.g., Sobel, Canny edge detectors).
Identifies key interest points in an image (e.g., Harris corner detector).
Identifies regions of interest with similar properties (e.g., scale-invariant feature transform - SIFT).
Image Classification and Recognition:
Uses labelled training data to classify images using techniques like support vector machines (SVM), neural networks, or decision trees.
Clusters images into groups based on similarities without labelled data (e.g., k-means clustering).
Utilizes deep neural networks for tasks such as image classification, object detection, and segmentation.
Morphological Processing:
Basic operations to remove or add pixels based on the shape of a structuring element.
Combines erosion and dilation operations for noise reduction and boundary smoothing.
Image Registration:
Aligns images from different sources or at different times through translation, rotation, scaling, or affine transformations.
Matches images based on their intensity patterns to correct for geometric or intensity distortions.
Image Compression:
Reduces the size of an image file without losing any information (e.g., run-length encoding, Huffman coding).
Reduces file size by removing redundant information, resulting in some loss of image quality (e.g., JPEG compression).
Comments